Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, Dan Leverage Terhadap Perataan Laba Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2018 -2024

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, firm size, and leverage on income smoothing practices in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2024. The population in this study consists of manufacturing companies in the cement, ceramics, porcelain, glass, metal, chemical, and plastic subsectors. The sample was determined using purposive sampling method, resulting in 30 companies with a total of 210 observations over 7 years. Income smoothing was measured using the Eckel Index, while the independent variables were measured using Return on Assets (ROA), natural logarithm of total assets, and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). Data analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis. The results show that profitability has a significant negative effect on income smoothing practices, while firm size and leverage have significant positive effects on income smoothing practices. These findings indicate that companies with lower profitability, larger size, and higher leverage are more likely to engage in income smoothing practices. The study also found that income smoothing practices increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic period (2020-2021) compared to pre-pandemic and post-pandemic periods, reflecting management's response to economic uncertainty. These results have implications for investors in evaluating earnings quality and for regulators in strengthening financial reporting supervision, particularly for companies with characteristics that tend to engage in income smoothing practices.